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Pizza in the United States
Many regional variations of pizza the United States have been developed, many bearing only a casual resemblance to the Italian original. Pizza became most popular in America after soldiers stationed in Italy returned from World War II. 〔Stradley, Linda. "Pizza - History & Legends of Pizza." What's Cooking America. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.〕 During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza in the United States became an iconic dish of considerable popularity. The American slang terms ''za'' and ''slice'' can also refer to pizza.〔Webster's Editors (2005). ''Webster's 2 New College Dictionary.'' Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, ISBN 9780618396016〕 The thickness of the crust depends on what the consumer prefers; both thick and thin crust are popular. Often, "Americanized" foods such as barbecued chicken and bacon cheeseburgers are used to create new types of pizza.
Pizza is a popular fast food item and the United States pizza restaurant industry is worth $37 billion.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.americanpizzacommunity.com/page.asp?g=pizza&content=about )〕 and has an organized industry association. Pizza is normally eaten hot (typically at lunch or dinner), but is sometimes eaten as cold leftovers.
==Ingredients==
American pizza often has vegetable oil or shortening (often, but not always, olive oil) mixed into the dough; this is not as common in Italian recipes (for example, the pizza dough recipe in the influential Italian cookbook ''Il cucchiaio d'argento'' does not use oil). This can range from a small amount in relatively lean doughs, such as New York style, to a very large amount in some recipes for Chicago-style deep-dish dough. In addition, American pizza (at least thin-crust) is often made with a very high-gluten flour (often 13–14% protein content) of the type also used to make bagels; this type of flour allows the dough to be stretched rather thinly without tearing, similar to strudel or phyllo.
In some pizza recipes, the tomato sauce is omitted (termed "white pizza"), or replaced with another sauce (usually garlic butter, but sauces can also be made with spinach or onions).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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